marriott



PATBNTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

H. F. MARRIOTT. MEANS FOR SURVEYING BORE HOLES.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 30, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C C c I PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906. H. F..MARRIOTT. MEANS FOR SURVEYING BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 30. 1904. v

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Nd- 830,730. PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

' H. F. MARRIOTT.

MEANS FOR SURVBYING-BORE HOLES.

AYPLIGATION FILED AUG. 30. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 830,730. PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906. HJP. MARRIOTT. Y

MEANS FOR SURVEYING BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 30. 1904.-

a sums-sum 4. 1

. N0.'.'8.30,730. PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

' v H. MARRIOTT.

MEANS FOR SURVEYING BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3091904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT onrron.

Y'HUGH FREDERICK MARRIOTT, QF PARKTOWN, TRANSVAAL.

MEANS FOR sunVE-Yme-s nE-HoLEs.

Specification of Letters Patent, Application-filed AugnstSO, 199.4. M1 No. 222.776.

I'atented Sept. 1 13906.

To all whom it mag concern.-

.Be it known that '1, HUGE FREDERIQ MARRIOTT, residing -at-Parktown, near Jo hannesburg, Transvaal, have invented eertain new and usefullm rovementsimMeans for Surveying'Bore-Ho es, of which the fol-. lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to mea'nsfor suryeyQ -1ngbore-holes, and more particularly to an ro'instrument for determining the amountzof 'lhe instruments heretofore employed for the purposes specified have chiefly been de-' signed to take indications or readings by r means of liquids which solidify on cool n or solidify by time, and thereby fix the indlcators in the positions'which the assume at the point to besurveyed. T ese instrumer ts have proved inadeqdate for obtaining, accurate results, owing to the greater depths 1 to. which the bore-holes are now made. The instruments in which liquids solidifying b cooling'are employed have not proved .satis actor-y at depths'exceeding one thousand feet, or thereabout, owing to the ex- I i tremely-rapid coolin effect of the water in the bore-hole'throug which the instrument must'pass in lowering it to' the desired posi .tion. The instruments in which the liquids solidifying bytime have been employed are a I I convenient method for obtaining the desired results, but a reliable liquid or solution suitable for the purpose has notbeen'foundi .i The use of liquids solidifying by timehave' hitherto proved too 'unrehable and erratic to be of much value. Further, with the existing instruments it has only been possible to obtain intermittent re'ad' s that-isto say,

; it has been necessary to't di then to remove the instrument from the borehole and reed it, then to lower the instrume'nt, into another lposition toobtairi anotherch-it i s-a ain removed in indication, afterw order. to read'thesecond in 'cation-,- and so '51-on until' the" necessary data or information 1 has been obtained. 1 I

- Now'the object of my invention is to produce an instrument iniwhich'electri'city may be employed'jfor obtaining the desired --in-' ment is lower-e down the;bore-hole, which reading may be checked 01". verified as the in-" 0' one indication,

formation, whereby a complete andcontinu-v be obtained as the instrusame orcorresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings. Figure '1 is a vertical section of the instru vmerit. Fig; 2 is a diagrammaticsketchof the electrical connections. Fig.3 is avertical'section'of the cable-head. Fig. 3'? is a plan of the four gripping-pieces which serve to fix the cable-head to the cable. Fig.3 is a section of Fig.3 on line :ew. Fig.4 is a sectorsfor the current. Fig. 5 is a plan of the y. Fig.8 is an eievation of the general arplan of Fig. 8. Fig 10 is a detail View showing the connection of the screws 1) and b.

" Referring to Fig. l in which I illustrate the instrument, A represents an external 0 linrical casingor tube, which may be ma e of hardened gunrmetal or any other suitable stand the maximumpressure to which it is likely to be subjected when lowered into the bore-hole. Inside the tube, A is arranged a hollow 'hemicylinderB of brassor other suitperpendicularly inside the casi'n A on two of the he'micylinder B or interior of the pivotks' a. a, which are secured means-of screws a a?, screwedthr'ough the casin A,

serve for carrying the ivot-screws b bf.

ivot-screw b in the ottomdisk a is insu- -b b t insulated from t v 'niterbush 'b. The screw 5 'at its u thescrew bfserves for attac I I b 'a metal disk or latea. the disk b" at 'with a'recess, into which the ivot-screw b disks 0.9.. V In the u P iixed'anebonite carries the two I Similar characters-of reference indicatethe I lowerend of the cable-head. Fig. 6 isa sec-- tional elevation of a slightly -modified arrangement. Fig. 7 is a planet Fig. 6 on line m material sufficiently thick to efiectually with.

able metal, which is arranged and supported.

pivot-pins or screws 1) b, so that w on the cas ing A Is in a vertical position the movement ger end. of the tube A is tion of the lower portion of the cable-head, I showing the connections with the conducrangement of the apparatus, and Fig. 9 isa ed (slortion istruly horizontal. Metal plates or 's atedbymea'ns of a bush as, ofebonite or I other suitable insulating material. the ends of the hemi-c lindcr B arfixed disks In the to 'skb is fixed a screw b4,

lib disk by means of the ebo-" per end I is formed with ahole into which 15 e'pivoti screwib projects (See FigfllO. The head of.

nig elowthebush n.

theother end of t e hemicylinder Bis fixed the screw 6, which at' itslower end is formed pro'ects' The pivot-screws b 'serve for at- I hing the metal plates'orldisks a a. to the.

ire

. switch-arm G, which carries at its upper contactrrings c c. This disk may be secured by means of screws 0 screwed into it In the insideof the hem1- throu hthe casing. cylin er B are fixed brackets D D, which carry or support a verticall earranged rod or bar E. To the lower end 0 this bar E is pivoted a we' ht or plumb-bob .15, which is attached to t e rod E in such amanner' that it can swing freely in one plane only. Attached to the top of the plumb-bob F is 3.

a strip of platinum. The movement of the plumb-bob F causes this switch-arm G to describe'an arc or'radial path about the ivot or center of oscillation of theplumbob F.

' Fixed to the vertical rod E is a commutator H, upon which the platinum upper end of the switch-armGpresses gently. The commutator H consists of numerous platinum contacts h, inters'paced with ebonite pieces h orother suitableinsulating material placed at equal distances apart. Carried by the rod E above the commutator His a resistance-coil J, which is connected up with the commutator H- The commutator H is, as shown in Fig. 2, connected up with the resistance-coil J, so that the movement of the switch-arm G first makes a free current, then a blank, then a re sistance, then a blank, then a free current,

then a blank, then a resistance, and so on. The two wires or conductor K L, (see Fig. 4,)

which serve for passing the current of'electricity through the instrument, as illustrated in Figs. 8 an 9, may be connected up with a series of primary or secondary cells 1 of 9.8-

certained electromotive force, a galvanometer 2, and a standard resistance-box 3. The resistance of the coil J having been previously compared with that ance-box 3 the declination of the plumb-bob F from the vertical can be always ascertained by means of the galvanometer '2.

In the general arrangement shown in Figs.

'8 and 9, 4 represents a framework for carryin a drum, 5, round which the cable 0, is coiled. .To a flange 6 at one end of the drum 5 are fixed two brass or'other suitable rings 7,

which are electrically" connected with the ends of the two conductors K L at the end of the cable 0. 8 represents two brushes, which make electrical contact with the rings 7,v

.while permitting the drum 5 to revolve, said.

brushes 8 being connected by means of the wires K L to the terminals 9 of the resistancebox 3. 10. represents the other terminals of the resistance-box 3, which are connected by the wir'esK L to the cells -1. r The drum 5 is rotated to coil the cable 0 on or uncoil it off the drum through the medium of a toothed wheel .11, fixed onthe. shaft or spindle 1.2 of. the drum 5. 13, represents 'pimons in gear with the wheel 11, and 14,1'epresents shafts on which; the pinions 13 are fixed, which shafts 14are rotated by the cranks 15. 16

' is. a headgear or framework erected over the of the standard resist-.

end of the cable.

bore-hole 17. In this framework 16 are mounted two pulleys 18 and a drum 19,

round which the cable 0 is caused to pass. 20 represents the cable-head fixed to the end of the cable 0 for attaching the instrument 21,

and 22 represents a cylinder of iron or other suitable'metal ordinarily fitted in-the top of a bore-hole when the hole is formed in soft or friable ground.

The wire it (see Fig. 1) from the concentric ring or terminal 0 in the top ofthe casing A is attached to the top pivot-screw I) through the medium of the plate or disk a This allows the current to pass from the terminal 0 through the pivot-screw b to the screw 1) and disk or plate a. This latter. disk or plate a is connected to. the resistance-coil J by means ofthewire k'.- The wire lc from the other terminal a is preferably insulated and located in a groove in the casing and attached to the disk or plate a*,fixed to the lower pivotscrew b, so that the current may pass through the lower pivot-screw b, screw 6, and hemicylinder B to the'plumb-bob F and switcharn1 G. I

The hemicylinder B or ivoted portion of theinstrument is Weighte with segments M M,of lead or other materiaLfiXedin suitable positions, so that their weight combined with that of the main portion of the rest of the instrument operates when the outer case A is tilted in any direction to revolve the hemicylinder B on its pivots b b and to bring it to rest in the position in which the switch-arm G moves in a vertical plane.

The upper-e: tremity of the casing A is rovided with an'internal screw-thread m, mto which is screwed the cable-head, which serves for attaching the instrument to the I The cable-head consists of a lower part or plug N, which in its lower portion is formed with an external screw-thread n, corresponding to the internal screw-thread m in' the top of the'casing A. It is also preferably formed externally with a part a (Sfie Fig. 3 of hexagoinal or other suitable shape for screwing it into the upper end of the casin A. This part of the head is construct with an internal recess n for packing, so as to make a water-tight joint round the cable 0 and to prevent-the ingress of. water into-the- 'into which isscrewed the gland-nut P,.which serves for forcing down the 'lring n to close Ill the pacln'ng tightly round the cable The upperend of theplug N is also formed with an external screw-thread a over which is screwed theicap or nut Q. Inside the cap Q above the top of the gland-nut Pare arranged four (more or less) gripping-pieces R, (see- Fig. 3 which serve to grip and attach the cable-head and instrument tothe cable .0. The gripping-pieces R are formed with conical extremities fitting a conical recess rin the top of the gland-nut P at the lower end 1 and projecting into aring 1! at the upper end.

By screwing down the ca Qthe grippin'g-' pieces Rare forced inwar between the ring 1" and-the top of the land-nut P, and there by firmly grip the cable.

In Figs.' 4 and 5 I show the attachments fitted in the cable-head for making the elec trical connections .with the contact-rings c c,

fication of the instrument which may be employed to render it more sensitive. In this case I employ three plumb-bobs F, whichare pivotally attached to the. vertical rod he several plumb-bobs F are pivotally connected' to' each other'by means of the connecting rodsf. Instead of employing three of the plumb-bobs F it will be obvious that 8 any .other' suitable number may be used".

The other-parts of the instrument are similar to thosedescribed with refer nce to Fig. 1.

What I claim as m inve tion, and desire toproteot by Letters atent, is-.

instrument vfor surveying bore-holes ingacasing, a revoluble portion pivuble portion, the pivot-thereof being at right p r the longitudinal axis of said port1on,a switch-arm carried bysaid plumb-bob,

a commutator carried by said-revoluble por- .tion over. which the switch-arm is caused to travel as'the revoluble portion is inclined,

said revolubleportion being so weighted that itmoves into a position to cause said switcharm to move in avertical plane, and means for transmitting the indications of'the movements of the switcha'rm-overthecommutal tor, substantially as. described.

' .2. An instrument for surveying bore-holes comprising a casing, a revoluble portion pivoted on its longitudinal "axis in-said casing, a

5 5 plumb+b0b pivotally carried by said revo.

fioladapted to move over the commutator, said Ielectricalspring-contacts,comprising a'screw .plug formed, with a gland and fitted with a luble portion, the pivot thereof being at right angles toth'e longitudinal axis of said portion, a commutator fixed to said'reyoluble portion, *-a switch-arm fixed to. theQplumb-bobv and I revolubl'e portion being weighted in suchmannerthat it comes to rest in-such a posi tion when it is inclined asto causethelswitch t; farm to: move in a vertical planepas it passes 5 5,5 the commutator, and means for :trans'-,

I s-longitudinal axis in said casing, a -lumb bobpivotally carried by said revoangles to holes,

gland-nut. for 'makin 'mitting the indications of the movements of said switch-arm over the commutator. substantially as described.

3. In an instrumentfor surveying bore.. holes in combination, a casing, an inner portion revolubly carried b said casing, brackets fixed in'said revoluble' ortion, a rod carried by said. brackets}, a pl to the lowerend of said rod, a commutator fixed to said revoluble portion,- a switch-arm fixed to the plumb-bob and adapted to traverse saidcommutator, a resistance-coil carried by therevoluble portion in electrical" connection with certain segments 01: said commutator, said revoluble portion being so Weighted that it is caused to assume such a position when the casing is inclined that the switch-arm moves in a vertical plane and over the face of the commutator, and means for transmitting theindications of the move-' umb-bob pivoted ments of the switch-arm over the co mrnntator, I

substantially as described.

4. In an instrument for surveying boreholes, in combination, a weighted portion and an outer casing inclosing the same and in which said portion is pivoted, a plumb-bob carried by said pivoted portion, a switch-arm carried by said plumb-bob a commutator, an electric circuit, and a resistance-coil carried by said pivoted portion and'arranged so that the declination of the plumb-bob from the vertical and the corres the switch-arm on the commutator first makes a free current, then ablank, then a resistance; then a blank, .then a free current, then a blank, then a resistance, and so on, substantially as described. 5-. In, an instrument for surveying boreholes, in combination an outer casing and an inner pivoted portion, disks fitted in the easing carrying the pivots for the inner portion, a disk of non-conducting material fitted in the upperend of the casing carrying electrical terminals and contactrings, brackets fitted 'inthe pivoted portion carrying a vertically-disposed rod to which is hinged a plumb-bob carrying a switch-arm, a con1mu-' onding movement of 7 IOC tator carried by'th'e vertical rodin conjunctiohwith which the switch-arm operates to indicate. the declination of the instrument oted portion to rotate it when the cas'ing is and placed in the circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described. v 6. In an instrument for surveyingborethe instrument to the cable and carrying the cap screwed- .over the aI'cable-head or device for attaching 1-2 5 V v g a water-tight joint 't ln d the cable and fitted with aplurali'ty of 5 from the vertical, weights fixed in the piv- 10 at right angles to end of the plug for tightening the grippingpieces round ,theeable, substantially as.described.

7 An instrument for surveying bore-holes comprising in combination, a'eesing, a; tion'pivotedin said'casing on its longitu inal axis, "a vertical rod carried by sziid' pivoted portion, a plurality of plumb-bobs pivotally attached to said rod, thepivots he pivots of the said porthereof being tion and rods 01' links connecting the several plumb-bobs, substantially as and for the pur pose set forth. V In Witness whereof I have hereunto'set my hand in the presence of two subscribing wit 15 nesses. I

HUGH FREDERICK MARRIOTT.

f Witnesses:

CHAS. OVENDALE,

R. OVENDALE. 

